Addiction is a condition that results when a person ingests a
substance (alcohol, cocaine, nicotine) or engages in an activity
(gambling) that can be pleasurable but the continued use of which
becomes compulsive and interferes with ordinary life responsibilities,
such as work or relationships, or health. Users may not be aware that
their behavior is out of control and causing problems for themselves and
others.
The word
addiction is used in several different
ways. One definition describes physical addiction. This is a biological
state in which the body adapts to the presence of a drug so that drug no
longer has the same effect; this is known as tolerance. Because of
tolerance, there is a biological reaction when the drug is withdrawn.
Another form of physical addiction is the phenomenon of overreaction by
the brain to drugs (or to cues associated with the drugs). An alcoholic
walking into a bar, for instance, will feel an extra pull to have a
drink because of these cues. People can be addicted to movies, music, work and many other things such as shopping. Everyone in this world gets addicted to something or someone at a certain time of their life.
WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF ADDICTION?
1. Craving
2. Anxiety
3. Nausea
4. Depression
All addictions have the capacity to induce feelings of shame and guilt, a sense of hopelessness, and feelings of failure.
ALCOHOL ADDICTION
Alcohol dependence is a gradual process which can take from a few years
to several decades to become a problem - with some very vulnerable
people
addiction
can come in a question of months. Eventually, over time, regular
alcohol consumption can disrupt the balance of the brain chemical GABA
(gamma-aminobutyric acid), which controls impulsiveness, as well as
glutamate, which stimulates the nervous system. Brain levels of dopamine
are raised when we consume alcohol - dopamine levels may make the
drinking experience more gratifying. Over the long- or medium-term,
excessive drinking can significantly alter the levels of these brain
chemicals, making the person's body crave alcohol in order to feel good
and avoid feeling bad
DRUG ADDICTION
Many people falsely believe that marijuana is a benign drug that is not
addictive. The truth is, however, that long-term use or misuse of
marijuana can lead to addiction, just like any other drug. Here are the
signs of marijuana addiction and how a marijuana rehab can help you
overcome your cravings and withdrawal symptoms.
Physical Effects of Marijuana Addiction
Marijuana produces numerous physical effects, including: Impaired coordination
* Increased heart rate
* Reduced blood pressure
* Dry mouth and throat
* Red, bloodshot eyes
* Drowsiness
* Nausea
* Headache
* Increased appetite
* Reduced blood flow to the brain
* Changes in reproductive organs
In addition to physical effects, there are also many psychological
effects of marijuana use, including paranoia, anxiety, poor memory, and
problems with learning and memory later in life.
Signs of Marijuana Addiction
Abuse of marijuana can lead to the same addiction symptoms as other
types of drug abuse. Here are the main signs of marijuana addiction:
* Tolerance. Just like any drug, regular use of marijuana can lead the
body to develop a tolerance. Developing a tolerance means that you need
more and more of the drug in order to achieve the same high, which means
you have become physically addicted to marijuana.
ADDICTION TO SMOKING
Every pack of cigarettes has a warning from the Surgeon General stating that smoking can be
harmful to your health. You are not stupid. You understand this. You feel the
harmful effects every time that
you cough or have a sore throat, but this has not stopped you from smoking. Why?
Because
the reasons for smoking are mostly psychological.
People are seduced to try tobacco by the glamorization of smoking in the movies and in advertisements.
Addiction to nicotine makes it hard to quit smoking once you have started.
ADDICTION CAN BE TREATED
Addiction is a treatable condition. The first phase of treatment from
is withdrawal from the problem substance/activity. There are both
physical and psychological effects that occur when substance-taking
stops, including such physical signs as nausea and vomiting, chills
and sweats, muscle cramps and aches, sleeplessness, shifts in heart
rate, even fever. Emotional effects include depression, anxiety,
irritability, and mood swings. Withdrawal symptoms typically last three
to five days. While they are rarely life-threatening, medical
supervision is usually provided in residential treatment programs, and
medications may be given to ameliorate the acute discomfort of
withdrawal.
Behavioral therapy and counseling are important
elements of treatment. Cognitive behavioral therapy is often used to
help patients identify, avoid, and cope with situations in which they
are most likely to abuse drugs or activities. The technique of
motivational interviewing is often employed to remind people of their
values, as a way of avoiding use. Family therapy may be provided to help
the patient maintain a supportive environment and improve family
functioning. Rehabilitation programs are often needed to help patients regain necessary job and other skills.